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Mount Samat National Shrine ((:samat)) or ''Dambana ng Kagitingan'' (Shrine of Valour) is a historical shrine located near the summit of Mount Samat in the town of Pilár, Province of Bataan, in the Republic of the Philippines. The memorial shrine complex was built to honor and remember the gallantry of Filipino and American soldiers who fought during World War II. Consisting of a Colonnade and the large Memorial Cross, the park was commissioned in 1966 by then-President Ferdinand Marcos, himself a War Veteran, for the 25th Anniversary of WW2.〔Yu Jose, Lydia N. (2008). "The Past, Love, Money and Much More: Philippine-Japan Relations Since the End of Second World War", p.23. Ateneo de Manila University.〕 The white Memorial Cross stands as a remembrance to the soldiers who fought and lost their lives in the Battle of Bataan. The shrine complex also includes a war museum with a wide array of collections from paintings of the Philippine heroes, to armaments used by the Filipino, American and Japanese forces during the battle. From the colonnade and the cross, there is a panoramic view of Bataan, Corregidor Island and on a clear day, the city of Manila situated about across Manila Bay. ==History== Along with the fortified island of Corregidor, Mount Samat was the site of the most vicious battle against the Japanese Imperial Army in 1942 during the Battle of Bataan. Suffering heavy losses against the Japanese all over Luzon, Filipino and American soldiers retreated to Bataan Peninsula to regroup for a last valiant but futile stand. This retreat to Bataan is part of a United States strategy known as War Plan Orange. Bataan fell after three months of fighting when 78,000 exhausted, sick and starving men under Major General Edward P. King surrendered to the Japanese on 9 April 1942. It is the single largest surrender of U.S. soldiers in history. Together with the Philippine soldiers, they were then led on the Bataan Death March. The scene of their last stronghold is Mount Samat, the site of ''Dambana ng Kagitingan''. The shrine was conceived as a fitting memorial to the heroic struggle and sacrifices of the soldiers who fought and died in that historic bastion of freedom.〔Government of Province of Bataan (2006).("Dambana ng Kagitingan" ). Bataan...A Raging Peninsula. Retrieved on 2011-03-27.〕 The memorial shrine complex was started with the laying of the cornerstone by President Marcos on April 14, 1966.〔("Mt. Samat National Shrine" ). National Registry of Historic Sites and Structures in the Philippines. Retrieved on 2012-06-08.〕 Due to lack of funds, construction was unfinished for the 25th anniversary of the Fall of Bataan in 1967.〔 The shrine was completed and inaugurated in 1970, in time for the 25th Anniversary of the end of World War II. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mount Samat National Shrine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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